Product Introduction
Isobutanol, also known as isopropyl alcohol or 2-methylpropanol, is a colorless, flammable liquid. It is a key aromatic component found in fresh tea leaves, black tea, and green tea, contributing to their characteristic fragrance. Isobutanol has a molecular weight of 74.12, a boiling point of 107.66 °C, a relative density of 0.8016, a refractive index of 1.3959, and a flash point of 37 °C. It is miscible with alcohol and ether but only slightly soluble in water. When mixed with air, it can form explosive vapors, with an explosion limit of 2.4% by volume. It can also form addition compounds with substances like calcium chloride, such as CaCl₂·3C₄H₁₀O.
Chemical Properties
| Melting point | 108 °C (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 108 °C (lit.) 108 °C |
| Density | 0.803 g/mL at 25 °C |
| Vapor density | 2.55 (vs air) |
| Vapor pressure | 8 mm Hg (20 °C) |
| Refractive index | n20/D 1.396(lit.) |
| FEMA | 2179 | ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL |
| Fp | 82 °F |
| Storage temp | Store at +5 °C to +30 °C. |
| Solubility | water: miscible70g/L at 20°C; miscible with alcohol and oils. |
| Form | Solid |
| Pka | >14 (Schwarzenbach et al., 1993) |
| Color | APHA: ≤10 |
| Relative polarity | 0.552 |
| PH | 7 (80g/l, H₂O, 20°C) |
| Odor | Slightly suffocating; nonresidual alcoholic |
| Odor Threshold | 0.011ppm |
| Explosive limit | 1.5-12%(V) |
| Odor Type | ethereal |
| Water Solubility | 95 g/L (20 °C) |
| λmax | λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.10λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.06 |
| JECFA Number | 251 |
| Merck | 14,5131 |
| BRN | 1730878 |
| Henry's Law Constant | 20.0 at 30.00 °C, 72.2 at 50.00 °C, 133 at 60.00 °C, 216 at 70.00 °C, 330 at 80.00 °C (headspace-GC, Hovorka et al., 2002) |
| Exposure limits | TWA 300 mg/m3 (100 ppm) NIOSH, 150 mg/m3 (50 ppm) (ACGIH); IDLH 8000 ppm. |
| Dielectric constant | 31.7 (-80°C) |
| Stability | Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, aluminium. |
| InChIKey | ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| LogP | 1 at 25°C |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 78-83-1(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | 1-Propanol, 2-methyl-(78-83-1) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Isobutanol (78-83-1) |
Safety Information
| Hazard Codes | Xi |
| Risk Statements | 10-37/38-41-67 |
| Safety Statements | 13-26-37/39-46-7/9 |
| RIDADR | UN 1212 3/PG 3 |
| OEB | A |
| OEL | TWA: 50 ppm (150 mg/m³) |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | NP9625000 |
| Autoignition Temperature | 801 °F |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HazardClass | 3 |
| PackingGroup | III |
| HS Code | 29051990 |
| Hazardous Substances Data | 78-83-1(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 2.46 g/kg (Smyth) |
| IDLA | 1,600 ppm |
Product Application
(1)、It is employed as an analytical reagent, chromatographic reagent, solvent and extracting agent.
(2)、 It acts as a raw material for organic synthesis and an excellent solvent.
(3)、As a vital raw material for organic synthesis, isobutanol is mainly used to produce isobutyronitrile, an intermediate for diazinon manufacture.
(4)、Serving as an organic synthesis feedstock, isobutanol is applied in the production of petroleum additives, antioxidants, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, isobutyl acetate (a paint solvent), plasticizers, synthetic rubber, synthetic musk, fruit essences and pharmaceutical intermediates. It can also purify strontium, barium, lithium salts and other chemical reagents, and functions as a high-grade solvent.
(5)、It is used as an extraction solvent and a food flavoring agent complying with GB 2760-96.
