Product Details
Benzoic acid, the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid, is a weak acid that serves as a precursor for the synthesis of numerous important organic compounds. Over 90% of commercial benzoic acid is directly converted into phenol and caprolactam. Its application in the production of glycol benzoates—used as plasticizers in adhesive formulations—is also increasing.
Chemical Properties
| Melting point | 121-125°C(lit.) |
| Boiling point | 249°C(lit.) |
| bulk density | 500kg/m3 |
| density | 1.08 |
| vapor density | 4.21 (vs air) |
| vapor pressure | 10 mm Hg ( 132 °C) |
| refractive index | 1.504 |
| FEMA | 2131 | BENZOIC ACID |
| Fp | 250°F |
| storage temp. | 2-8°C |
| solubility | soluble, clear, colorless (95% ethanol, 1gm/3mL) |
| pka | 4.19(at 25℃) |
| form | Solid |
| color | White to yellow-beige to orange |
| PH | 3.66(1 mM solution);3.12(10 mM solution);2.6(100 mM solution); |
| Odor | at 100.00 %. faint balsam urine |
| Odor Type | balsamic |
| biological source | synthetic |
| Water Solubility | Slightly soluble. 0.34 g/100 mL |
| Merck | 14,1091 |
| JECFA Number | 850 |
| BRN | 636131 |
| Henry's Law Constant | (x 10⁻⁸ atm·m³/mol)：7.02 (calculated, U.S. EPA,1980a) |
| Stability: | Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, alkalies. |
| InChIKey | WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| LogP | 1.870 |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 65-85-0(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Benzoic acid(65-85-0) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Benzoic acid (65-85-0) |
Safety Information
| Hazard Codes | Xn,T,Xi |
| Risk Statements | 22-36-42/43-36/37/38-40-63-43-23/24/25-45-41-37/38-20/21/22-48/23-38-67-37 |
| Safety Statements | 26-45-37/39-24-22-36/37-24/25-23-53-36-63-39 |
| RIDADR | UN 3077 9/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | DG0875000 |
| F | 21 |
| Autoignition Temperature | 570 °C |
| Hazard Note | Harmful |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 2916 31 00 |
| Hazardous Substances Data | 65-85-0(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 1700 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 5000 mg/kg |
Product Application
Benzoic acid is an important type of food preservative. Under acidic conditions, it inhibits molds, yeasts, and bacteria, although its effect on acid-producing bacteria is weaker. The optimal antimicrobial activity occurs within a pH range of 2.5 to 4, with an overall suitable pH range between 4.5 and 5.
